公民知識題庫

• Republic共和制
• Constitution-based federal republic以憲法為基礎的聯邦共和國
• Representative democracy代議制民主

• (U.S.) Constitution(美國)憲法

• Forms the government組建政府
• Defines powers of government界定政府的權力
• Defines the parts of government界定政府的組成部分
• Protects the rights of the people保護人民的權利

• Self-government自治
• Popular sovereignty人民主權
• Consent of the governed被治理者的同意
• People should govern themselves人民應當自我治理
• (Example of) social contract社會契約(的體現)

• Amendments修正案
• The amendment process修憲程序

• (The basic) rights of Americans美國人的(基本)權利
• (The basic) rights of people living in the United States居住在美國的人的(基本)權利

• Twenty-seven (27)二十七(27)條

• It says America is free from British control.它宣告美國擺脫英國的控制。
• It says all people are created equal.它宣告人人生而平等。
• It identifies inherent rights.它確認了與生俱來的權利。
• It identifies individual freedoms.它確認了個人自由。

• Declaration of Independence《獨立宣言》

需說出 2 項:

• Equality平等
• Liberty自由
• Social contract社會契約
• Natural rights自然權利
• Limited government有限政府
• Self-government自治

• Declaration of Independence《獨立宣言》

• Capitalism資本主義
• Free market economy自由市場經濟

• Everyone must follow the law.人人都必須遵守法律。
• Leaders must obey the law.領導人必須服從法律。
• Government must obey the law.政府必須服從法律。
• No one is above the law.沒有人可以凌駕於法律之上。

• Declaration of Independence《獨立宣言》
• Articles of Confederation《邦聯條例》
• Federalist Papers《聯邦黨人文集》
• Anti-Federalist Papers《反聯邦黨人文集》
• Virginia Declaration of Rights《維吉尼亞權利宣言》
• Fundamental Orders of Connecticut《康乃狄克基本法》
• Mayflower Compact《五月花號公約》
• Iroquois Great Law of Peace《易洛魁大和平法》

• So one part does not become too powerful防止任何一個部門權力過大
• Checks and balances制衡
• Separation of powers三權分立

• Legislative, executive, and judicial立法、行政和司法
• Congress, president, and the courts國會、總統和法院

• Executive branch行政部門

• (U.S.) Congress(美國)國會
• (U.S. or national) legislature(美國或國家)立法機構
• Legislative branch立法部門

• Senate and House (of Representatives)參議院和眾議院

• Writes laws制定法律
• Declares war宣戰
• Makes the federal budget制定聯邦預算

• One hundred (100)一百(100)位

• Six (6) years六(6)年

這道題的答案隨你所在州而定。 去設定

Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents and residents of U.S. territories should answer that D.C. (or the territory where the applicant lives) has no U.S. senators.]

• Four hundred thirty-five (435)四百三十五(435)位

• Two (2) years兩(2)年

• To more closely follow public opinion為了更緊密地跟隨民意

• Two (2)兩(2)位

• Equal representation (for small states)(小州也享有)平等代表權
• The Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise)大妥協(康乃狄克妥協)

這道題的答案隨你所在州而定。 去設定

Answers will vary. [Residents of territories with nonvoting Delegates or Resident Commissioners may provide the name of that Delegate or Commissioner. Also acceptable is any statement that the territory has no (voting) representatives in Congress.]

• Mike Johnson

Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

• Citizens of their state其所在州的公民
• People of their state其所在州的人民

• Citizens from their state其所在州的公民

• Citizens in their (congressional) district其(國會)選區的公民
• Citizens in their district其選區的公民
• People from their (congressional) district來自其(國會)選區的人民
• People in their district其選區的人民

• Citizens from their (congressional) district其(國會)選區的公民

• (Because of) the state's population(因為)該州的人口
• (Because) they have more people(因為)他們人口更多
• (Because) some states have more people(因為)有些州人口更多

• Four (4) years四(4)年

• (Because of) the 22nd Amendment(因為)第 22 條修正案
• To keep the president from becoming too powerful防止總統權力過大

• Donald J. Trump

Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the President of the United States.

• J.D. Vance

Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Vice President of the United States.

• The Vice President (of the United States)(美國)副總統

• Signs bills into law簽署法案使之成為法律
• Vetoes bills否決法案
• Enforces laws執行法律
• Commander in Chief (of the military)(軍隊的)三軍統帥
• Chief diplomat首席外交官
• Appoints federal judges任命聯邦法官

• The President (of the United States)(美國)總統

• The President (of the United States)(美國)總統

• The President (of the United States)(美國)總統

• The President (of the United States)(美國)總統

• President (of the United States)(美國)總統
• Cabinet內閣
• Federal departments and agencies聯邦各部與機構

• Advises the President (of the United States)為(美國)總統提供建議

需說出 2 項:

• Attorney General司法部長
• Secretary of Agriculture農業部長
• Secretary of Commerce商務部長
• Secretary of Education教育部長
• Secretary of Energy能源部長
• Secretary of Health and Human Services衛生與公眾服務部長
• Secretary of Homeland Security國土安全部長
• Secretary of Housing and Urban Development住房與城市發展部長
• Secretary of the Interior內政部長
• Secretary of Labor勞工部長
• Secretary of State國務卿
• Secretary of Transportation交通部長
• Secretary of the Treasury財政部長
• Secretary of Veterans Affairs退伍軍人事務部長
• Secretary of War (Defense)戰爭部長(國防部長)
• Vice President副總統
• Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency環境保護署署長
• Administrator of the Small Business Administration小企業管理局局長
• Director of the Central Intelligence Agency中央情報局局長
• Director of the Office of Management and Budget行政管理和預算局局長
• Director of National Intelligence國家情報總監
• United States Trade Representative美國貿易代表

• It decides who is elected president.它決定誰當選總統。
• It provides a compromise between the popular election of the president and congressional selection.它是總統普選與國會遴選之間的折中方案。

• Supreme Court最高法院
• Federal Courts聯邦法院

• Reviews laws審查法律
• Explains laws解釋法律
• Resolves disputes (disagreements) about the law解決關於法律的爭議(分歧)
• Decides if a law goes against the (U.S.) Constitution裁定法律是否違反(美國)憲法

• Supreme Court最高法院

• Nine (9)九(9)個

• Five (5)五(5)位

• (For) life終身
• Lifetime appointment終身任命
• (Until) retirement(直到)退休

• To be independent (of politics)為了(在政治上)保持獨立
• To limit outside (political) influence為了限制外部(政治)影響

• John Roberts

Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Chief Justice of the United States.

• Print paper money印製紙幣
• Mint coins鑄造硬幣
• Declare war宣戰
• Create an army建立軍隊
• Make treaties簽訂條約
• Set foreign policy制定外交政策

• Provide schooling and education提供學校教育
• Provide protection (police)提供治安保護(警察)
• Provide safety (fire departments)提供安全保障(消防部門)
• Give a driver's license頒發駕照
• Approve zoning and land use批准區劃與土地使用

• (It states that the) powers not given to the federal government belong to the states or to the people.(它規定)未授予聯邦政府的權力屬於各州或人民。

這道題的答案隨你所在州而定。 去設定

Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. does not have a governor.]

這道題的答案隨你所在州而定。 去設定

Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. is not a state and does not have a capital. Residents of U.S. territories should name the capital of the territory.]

• Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote).十八(18)歲及以上的公民(可以投票)。
• You don't have to pay (a poll tax) to vote.投票不必繳納(人頭稅)。
• Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.)任何公民都可以投票。(女性和男性都可以投票。)
• A male citizen of any race (can vote).任何種族的男性公民(都可以投票)。

• Citizens公民
• Citizens of the United States美國公民
• U.S. citizens美國公民

需說出 3 項:

• Freedom of expression表達自由
• Freedom of speech言論自由
• Freedom of assembly集會自由
• Freedom to petition the government向政府請願的自由
• Freedom of religion宗教自由
• The right to bear arms持有武器的權利

• The United States美國
• The flag國旗

需說出 2 項:

• Give up loyalty to other countries放棄對其他國家的效忠
• Defend the (U.S.) Constitution捍衛(美國)憲法
• Obey the laws of the United States遵守美國的法律
• Serve in the military (if needed)(必要時)在軍隊服役
• Serve (help, do important work for) the nation (if needed)(必要時)為國家服務(提供幫助、做重要工作)
• Be loyal to the United States效忠美國

• Be born in the United States, under the conditions set by the 14th Amendment依第 14 條修正案規定的條件在美國出生
• Naturalize入籍歸化
• Derive citizenship (under conditions set by Congress)衍生取得公民身份(依國會規定的條件)

需說出 2 項:

• Vote投票
• Run for office競選公職
• Join a political party加入政黨
• Help with a campaign協助競選活動
• Join a civic group加入公民團體
• Join a community group加入社區團體
• Give an elected official your opinion (on an issue)向民選官員表達(對某議題的)意見
• Contact elected officials聯繫民選官員
• Support or oppose an issue or policy支持或反對某個議題或政策
• Write to a newspaper投書報社

• Vote投票
• Pay taxes納稅
• Obey the law遵守法律
• Serve in the military在軍隊服役
• Run for office競選公職
• Work for local, state, or federal government為地方、州或聯邦政府工作

• Required by law法律要求
• All people pay to fund the federal government所有人繳稅以支持聯邦政府運作
• Required by the (U.S.) Constitution (16th Amendment)(美國)憲法(第 16 條修正案)的要求
• Civic duty公民義務

• Required by law法律要求
• Civic duty公民義務
• Makes the draft fair, if needed使徵兵(在需要時)公平

• Freedom自由
• Political liberty政治自由
• Religious freedom宗教自由
• Economic opportunity經濟機會
• Escape persecution逃避迫害

• American Indians美洲印第安人
• Native Americans美洲原住民

• Africans非洲人
• People from Africa來自非洲的人

• American Revolution美國革命
• The (American) Revolutionary War(美國)獨立戰爭
• War for (American) Independence(美國)獨立之戰

• High taxes苛捐重稅
• Taxation without representation有納稅義務卻無參政權
• British soldiers stayed in Americans' houses (boarding, quartering)英國士兵駐紮在美國人家中(寄宿、強佔民房)
• They did not have self-government他們沒有自治權
• Boston Massacre波士頓慘案
• Boston Tea Party (Tea Act)波士頓傾茶事件(《茶稅法》)
• Stamp Act《印花稅法》
• Sugar Act《糖稅法》
• Townshend Acts《湯森法案》
• Intolerable (Coercive) Acts《不可容忍法案(強制法案)》

• (Thomas) Jefferson(托馬斯·)傑斐遜

• July 4, 17761776 年 7 月 4 日

• (Battle of) Bunker Hill邦克山(戰役)
• Declaration of Independence《獨立宣言》
• Washington Crossing the Delaware (Battle of Trenton)華盛頓橫渡特拉華河(特倫頓戰役)
• (Battle of) Saratoga薩拉托加(戰役)
• Valley Forge (Encampment)福吉谷(紮營)
• (Battle of) Yorktown (British surrender at Yorktown)約克鎮(戰役)(英軍在約克鎮投降)

需說出 5 項:

• New Hampshire新罕布什爾州
• Massachusetts麻薩諸塞州
• Rhode Island羅德島州
• Connecticut康乃狄克州
• New York紐約州
• New Jersey新澤西州
• Pennsylvania賓夕法尼亞州
• Delaware特拉華州
• Maryland馬里蘭州
• Virginia維吉尼亞州
• North Carolina北卡羅來納州
• South Carolina南卡羅來納州
• Georgia喬治亞州

• (U.S.) Constitution(美國)憲法

• (James) Madison(詹姆斯·)麥迪遜
• (Alexander) Hamilton(亞歷山大·)漢密爾頓
• (John) Jay(約翰·)傑伊
• Publius普布利烏斯(筆名)

• They helped people understand the (U.S.) Constitution.它們幫助人們理解(美國)憲法。
• They supported passing the (U.S.) Constitution.它們支持(美國)憲法的通過。

• Founded the first free public libraries創辦了最早的免費公共圖書館
• First Postmaster General of the United States美國第一任郵政總長
• Helped write the Declaration of Independence參與撰寫《獨立宣言》
• Inventor發明家
• U.S. diplomat美國外交官

• "Father of Our Country"「美國國父」
• First president of the United States美國第一任總統
• General of the Continental Army大陸軍總司令
• President of the Constitutional Convention制憲會議主席

• Writer of the Declaration of Independence《獨立宣言》的執筆人
• Third president of the United States美國第三任總統
• Doubled the size of the United States (Louisiana Purchase)使美國領土翻倍(路易斯安那購地)
• First Secretary of State美國第一任國務卿
• Founded the University of Virginia創辦維吉尼亞大學
• Writer of the Virginia Statute on Religious Freedom《維吉尼亞宗教自由法令》的執筆人

• "Father of the Constitution"「憲法之父」
• Fourth president of the United States美國第四任總統
• President during the War of 18121812 年戰爭期間的總統
• One of the writers of the Federalist Papers《聯邦黨人文集》的作者之一

• First Secretary of the Treasury美國第一任財政部長
• One of the writers of the Federalist Papers《聯邦黨人文集》的作者之一
• Helped establish the First Bank of the United States協助創建美國第一銀行
• Aide to General George Washington喬治·華盛頓將軍的副官
• Member of the Continental Congress大陸會議成員

• Louisiana Territory路易斯安那領地
• Louisiana路易斯安那

• War of 18121812 年戰爭
• Mexican-American War美墨戰爭
• Civil War南北戰爭(內戰)
• Spanish-American War美西戰爭

• The Civil War南北戰爭(內戰)

• (Battle of) Fort Sumter薩姆特堡(戰役)
• Emancipation Proclamation《解放奴隸宣言》
• (Battle of) Vicksburg維克斯堡(戰役)
• (Battle of) Gettysburg蓋茲堡(戰役)
• Sherman's March謝爾曼進軍
• (Surrender at) Appomattox阿波馬托克斯(投降)
• (Battle of) Antietam/Sharpsburg安提塔姆/夏普斯堡(戰役)
• Lincoln was assassinated.林肯遇刺。

• Freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation)解放了奴隸(《解放奴隸宣言》)
• Saved (or preserved) the Union拯救(保全)了聯邦
• Led the United States during the Civil War在南北戰爭期間領導美國
• 16th president of the United States美國第十六任總統
• Delivered the Gettysburg Address發表蓋茲堡演說

• Freed the slaves解放了奴隸
• Freed slaves in the Confederacy解放了南方邦聯的奴隸
• Freed slaves in the Confederate states解放了南方邦聯各州的奴隸
• Freed slaves in most Southern states解放了大多數南方州的奴隸

• The Civil War南北戰爭(內戰)

• 14th Amendment第 14 條修正案

• After the Civil War南北戰爭之後
• During Reconstruction重建時期
• (With the) 15th Amendment(隨著)第 15 條修正案
• 18701870 年

• Susan B. Anthony蘇珊·B·安東尼
• Elizabeth Cady Stanton伊麗莎白·卡迪·斯坦頓
• Sojourner Truth索傑納·特魯斯
• Harriet Tubman哈麗特·塔布曼
• Lucretia Mott盧克麗霞·莫特
• Lucy Stone露西·斯通

• World War I第一次世界大戰
• World War II第二次世界大戰
• Korean War韓戰
• Vietnam War越戰
• (Persian) Gulf War(波斯灣)海灣戰爭

• Because Germany attacked U.S. (civilian) ships因為德國襲擊了美國(民用)船隻
• To support the Allied Powers (England, France, Italy, and Russia)為了支持協約國(英國、法國、義大利和俄國)
• To oppose the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria)為了對抗同盟國(德國、奧匈帝國、鄂圖曼帝國和保加利亞)

• 19201920 年
• After World War I第一次世界大戰之後
• (With the) 19th Amendment(隨著)第 19 條修正案

• Longest economic recession in modern history現代歷史上最長的經濟衰退

• The Great Crash (1929)大崩盤(1929 年)
• Stock market crash of 19291929 年股市崩盤

• (Franklin) Roosevelt(富蘭克林·)羅斯福

• (Bombing of) Pearl Harbor珍珠港(遭到轟炸)
• Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor日本襲擊了珍珠港
• To support the Allied Powers (England, France, and Russia)為了支持同盟國(英國、法國和俄國)
• To oppose the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan)為了對抗軸心國(德國、義大利和日本)

• General during World War II第二次世界大戰期間的將軍
• President at the end of (during) the Korean War韓戰結束時(期間)的總統
• 34th president of the United States美國第三十四任總統
• Signed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 (Created the Interstate System)簽署 1956 年《聯邦援助公路法》(創建了州際公路系統)

• Soviet Union蘇聯
• USSR蘇維埃社會主義共和國聯盟
• Russia俄國

• Communism共產主義
• Nuclear war核戰爭

• To stop the spread of communism為了阻止共產主義蔓延

• To stop the spread of communism為了阻止共產主義蔓延

• Fought to end racial discrimination為終結種族歧視而鬥爭

• Fought for civil rights為民權而奮鬥
• Worked for equality for all Americans為所有美國人爭取平等
• Worked to ensure that people would "not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character"努力讓人們「不以膚色、而以品格來評判一個人」

• To force the Iraqi military from Kuwait為了迫使伊拉克軍隊撤出科威特

• Terrorists attacked the United States恐怖分子襲擊了美國
• Terrorists took over two planes and crashed them into the World Trade Center in New York City恐怖分子劫持兩架飛機撞向紐約市世界貿易中心
• Terrorists took over a plane and crashed into the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia恐怖分子劫持一架飛機撞向維吉尼亞州阿靈頓的五角大廈
• Terrorists took over a plane originally aimed at Washington, D.C., and crashed in a field in Pennsylvania恐怖分子劫持一架原定飛向華盛頓特區的飛機,墜毀於賓夕法尼亞州的一片田野

• (Global) War on Terror(全球)反恐戰爭
• War in Afghanistan阿富汗戰爭
• War in Iraq伊拉克戰爭

• Apache阿帕奇
• Blackfeet黑腳
• Cayuga卡尤加
• Cherokee切羅基
• Cheyenne夏延
• Chippewa齊佩瓦
• Choctaw喬克托
• Creek克里克
• Crow克羅
• Hopi霍皮
• Huron休倫
• Inupiat因紐皮亞特
• Lakota拉科塔
• Mohawk莫霍克
• Mohegan莫希干
• Navajo納瓦霍
• Oneida奧奈達
• Onondaga奧農多加
• Pueblo普韋布洛
• Seminole塞米諾爾
• Seneca塞內卡
• Shawnee肖尼
• Sioux蘇族
• Teton提頓
• Tuscarora塔斯卡羅拉

For a complete list of tribes, please visit bia.gov.

• Light bulb電燈泡
• Automobile (cars, internal combustion engine)汽車(轎車、內燃機)
• Skyscrapers摩天大樓
• Airplane飛機
• Assembly line流水線
• Landing on the moon登月
• Integrated circuit (IC)積體電路(IC)

• Washington, D.C.華盛頓哥倫比亞特區

• New York (Harbor)紐約(港)
• Liberty Island自由島

Also acceptable are New Jersey, near New York City, and on the Hudson (River).

• (Because there were) 13 original colonies(因為最初有)13 個殖民地
• (Because the stripes) represent the original colonies(因為條紋)代表最初的殖民地

• (Because there is) one star for each state(因為)每個州有一顆星
• (Because) each star represents a state(因為)每顆星代表一個州
• (Because there are) 50 states(因為美國有)50 個州

• The Star-Spangled Banner《星條旗》(The Star-Spangled Banner)

• Out of many, one合眾為一
• We all become one我們眾人合為一體

• A holiday to celebrate U.S. independence (from Britain)慶祝美國(從英國)獨立的節日
• The country's birthday國家的生日

需說出 3 項:

• New Year's Day元旦
• Martin Luther King, Jr. Day馬丁·路德·金恩紀念日
• Presidents Day (Washington's Birthday)總統日(華盛頓誕辰)
• Memorial Day陣亡將士紀念日
• Juneteenth六月節(Juneteenth)
• Independence Day獨立日
• Labor Day勞動節
• Columbus Day哥倫布日
• Veterans Day退伍軍人節
• Thanksgiving Day感恩節
• Christmas Day聖誕節

• A holiday to honor soldiers who died in military service紀念在服役中陣亡軍人的節日

• A holiday to honor people in the (U.S.) military向(美國)現役軍人致敬的節日
• A holiday to honor people who have served (in the U.S. military)向曾(在美國軍隊)服役的人致敬的節日